Although some studies demonstrate the difficulty of predicting future flood frequency and magnitude changes due to the high complexity of forcing mechanisms, it is evident that the flood damages will continue to grow (Kundzewicz et al. With global economic and population growth, the consequences of severe flooding events induced by climate change are likely to increase in the future, so the overall flood risk is projected to increase significantly (Alfieri et al.

Additionally, a related issue is climate change, which will likely affect the frequency and magnitude of floods in the future (Milly et al. Some of the most costly floods in the past decades occurred in central European countries for example, the 2002 flood resulted in US$16.5 billion damages and that in 2013 about US$12.5 billion damages, and together they caused 64 deaths (Munich Re 2015). Recent and historical data demonstrate the large share of monetary damage and fatalities that can be attributed to hydrological natural hazards (Munich Re 2015). We suggest that the specific terrain of the area can cause ambiguities in large-scale modelling, while providing plausible results in terms of the overall model performance. Nevertheless, the spatial distribution of flood characteristics varies: the 50 and 100 m results of LISFLOOD-FP and HEC-RAS misestimated flood extent and water depth in selected control areas (built-up zones). However, the coarser resolution simulations (50 and 100 m) performed virtually identically compared to the high-resolution simulations. As expected, the best results were shown by the higher-resolution grids (25 m) for both models, which is justified by the complex terrain of the area. We test 2D capabilities of LISFLOOD-FP and HEC-RAS (5.0.3), implemented using various grid sizes (25вЂ“100 m) based on 1-m DEM resolution. This study evaluates and compares two-dimensional (2D) numerical models of different complexities by testing them on a floodplain inundation event that occurred on the Secchia River (Italy).

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